Early studies on the effect of oral contraceptives on the periodontium have shown increased gingival inflammation in women taking oral contraceptives. Pregnancy is also a critical time in a woman’s life when oral health is of fundamental importance. Identifying the effect of female hormone fluctuations on the periodontium during hormone-based contraceptive use and pregnancy is important in both female life stages to ensure stable periodontal health. This presentation aims to discuss how fluctuating levels of female hormones during hormone-based contraceptive use and pregnancy can impact the periodontium.